Basic Internet Concepts - JSS 1 note

BASIC INTERNET CONCEPTS

Subject: Digital Technologies
Class: JSS 1 (Basic 7)
Term: Second Term
Week: 8
Duration: 80 Minutes (Double Period)
Topic: Basic Internet Concepts

Learning Objectives

By the end of this lesson, students should be able to:

1. Define the Internet.
2. Explain common Internet terms.
3. Identify common uses of the Internet.
4. Differentiate between a web browser and a search engine.
5. Identify common Internet services.
6. Explain the basic requirements for accessing the Internet.

1. Meaning of the Internet

Definition: The Internet is a worldwide system of interconnected computer networks that allows people and devices to communicate, exchange information and access online services.

The Internet connects millions of computers, mobile phones, servers and other digital devices across the world. It enables people to send messages, find information, attend online classes, watch videos, make payments and perform many other activities.

For example, a student in Nigeria can use the Internet to read an educational article published by a school in another country.

Remember: The Internet is not the same as the World Wide Web. The World Wide Web is one of the services that operates through the Internet.

2. Basic Internet Terms

The following terms are commonly used when discussing the Internet.

Term	Meaning	Example or Explanation
Website	A collection of related web pages available under a common domain name.	A school website containing information about the school.
Web page	A single document or page on the World Wide Web.	A page containing a Digital Technologies lesson note.
Web browser	Software used to access and view websites.	Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox and Microsoft Edge.
Search engine	An online service used to find information on the Web.	Google Search and Bing.
URL	The address used to locate a resource on the Web.	https://www.example.com
Hyperlink	A clickable text or image that leads to another resource or location.	A link that opens another lesson note.
Email	An electronic method of sending and receiving messages.	Sending a message to a teacher electronically.
Download	Receiving data or a file from another system, commonly from the Internet, onto a device.	Saving a PDF lesson note to a phone.
Upload	Sending a file or data from a device to another system or online service.	Submitting an assignment through an online classroom.

3. Common Uses of the Internet

The Internet is useful in many areas of life. Its common uses include the following:

A. Education

Students and teachers use the Internet to access digital textbooks, lesson notes, educational videos, online courses and practice examinations.

B. Communication

People use email, messaging applications and video calls to communicate with friends, family members, teachers and colleagues.

C. Research and Information

The Internet helps users search for information about science, technology, history, health, business and other subjects. Information should be checked for accuracy and reliability.

D. Entertainment

Users can watch videos, listen to music, read online stories and play online games.

E. Business and Banking

Businesses use the Internet to advertise products, communicate with customers and receive orders. Banking services may allow customers to check balances and make transfers online.

F. Collaboration

People can work together on shared documents, participate in online meetings and complete group projects even when they are in different locations.

G. News and Current Affairs

Users can read news reports and follow current events through online newspapers and other news services.

4. Web Browsers and Search Engines

A web browser and a search engine are related, but they perform different functions.

Web Browser

A web browser is an application used to open and view websites and web pages.

Examples: Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Microsoft Edge and Safari.

Search Engine

A search engine is an online service that helps users find web pages and information by entering words or phrases called search terms.

Examples: Google Search, Bing and DuckDuckGo.

Web Browser	Search Engine
Software used to access websites.	Service used to find information on the Web.
Examples include Chrome and Firefox.	Examples include Google Search and Bing.
Can open a website when its address is entered.	Can help locate websites when the exact address is unknown.

Example: You can open Google Search using a web browser, type "JSS 1 Digital Technologies notes" into the search box, and select a relevant result.

5. Common Internet Services

An Internet service is a facility or application that uses the Internet to provide information or perform a task.

1. World Wide Web (WWW): Allows users to access linked web pages, images, videos and other online content.
2. Email: Enables electronic messages and attachments to be sent and received.
3. Instant messaging: Supports the exchange of text messages and other media.
4. Video conferencing: Allows people to hold online meetings and classes.
5. File transfer and sharing: Enables files to be transferred or shared between users and systems.
6. Online learning: Provides access to digital courses, learning platforms and educational materials.
7. Online shopping: Allows users to browse products and place orders through online stores.
8. Cloud storage: Allows users to store files on remote systems and access them through the Internet.

6. Requirements for Accessing the Internet

To access the Internet, a user generally needs the following:

1. A digital device: Such as a smartphone, tablet, laptop or desktop computer.
2. A communication connection: Such as mobile data, fibre broadband or another Internet access technology.
3. An Internet service provider (ISP): An organisation that provides Internet access.
4. Network equipment: Depending on the connection, this may include a modem, router or mobile hotspot.
5. Suitable software: Such as a web browser or an application that uses an Internet service.

Some devices combine several network functions, and the exact equipment required depends on the type of connection being used.

7. Advantages of the Internet

1. It provides access to large amounts of information.
2. It supports communication across long distances.
3. It provides educational resources for students and teachers.
4. It supports online banking and other digital services.
5. It enables collaboration between people in different locations.
6. It provides entertainment and access to news.
7. It allows users to share files and access cloud services.

8. Disadvantages of the Internet

1. False information: Some websites publish inaccurate or misleading information.
2. Online scams: Criminals may use fake messages or websites to steal money or information.
3. Privacy risks: Personal information may be exposed if it is not protected.
4. Cyberbullying: Some people use online platforms to threaten, embarrass or harass others.
5. Malware: Harmful software may infect devices through unsafe downloads or links.
6. Distraction: Excessive use of online entertainment may interfere with schoolwork and other responsibilities.
7. Cost and connectivity problems: Internet access may require payment, and connections may sometimes be unreliable.

9. Responsible Use of the Internet

Students should use the Internet responsibly and safely.

• Use reliable websites when researching schoolwork.
• Compare information from more than one trustworthy source.
• Never share passwords or sensitive personal information with strangers.
• Avoid clicking suspicious links or downloading unknown files.
• Use respectful language when communicating online.
• Tell a trusted adult or teacher about threatening or suspicious online activity.
• Follow school rules and respect other people's work and privacy.

Important: Information found online is not always correct. Check the author, publication date, supporting evidence and reliability of the website before using information for schoolwork.

10. Class Activity

Activity: Exploring Basic Internet Concepts

With the teacher's guidance, students should identify the following items or examples:

1. A web browser installed on a computer or phone.
2. A search engine that can be opened in the browser.
3. A website and one of its web pages.
4. A URL displayed in the browser's address bar.
5. An example of an Internet service used for education.

Discussion: Ask students to explain the difference between a browser and a search engine, and mention two ways they can stay safe while searching for information online.

Alternative: If Internet access is unavailable, the teacher can use screenshots, printed browser images and sample website addresses.

11. Summary

The Internet is a worldwide system of interconnected networks used for communication, research, education, entertainment, business and many other activities. Basic Internet terms include website, web page, browser, search engine, URL, hyperlink, upload and download. Browsers are used to access websites, while search engines help users locate information. Internet access requires a suitable device and a connection provided through an Internet service provider or other access arrangement. Users should verify information and follow safe online practices.

12. Evaluation

1. Define the Internet.
2. Explain the meaning of a website and a web page.
3. Differentiate between a web browser and a search engine, giving two examples of each.
4. State five uses of the Internet.
5. Mention four Internet services.
6. List five requirements for accessing the Internet.
7. State four advantages and four disadvantages of the Internet.
8. Mention five rules for using the Internet responsibly.

13. Assignment

1. Define the Internet and explain five ways it is useful to students.
2. Differentiate between a website and a web page.
3. Explain the difference between a web browser and a search engine. Give three examples of each.
4. Explain the terms URL, hyperlink, upload and download.
5. List five advantages and five disadvantages of the Internet.
6. Write six safety rules students should follow when using the Internet.

14. Online Quiz

Choose the correct answer to each question and click Submit Quiz to see your score.

1. What is the Internet?

A type of printer A worldwide system of interconnected networks A single computer program A computer keyboard

2. Which of the following is a web browser?

Google Chrome Google Search A web address An email message

3. What is the main purpose of a search engine?

To print documents To repair a computer To help users find information online To charge a mobile phone

4. What does downloading usually mean?

Sending a file from your device to an online service Deleting a website Turning off a computer Receiving a file onto your device

5. Which is a responsible Internet practice?

Sharing your password with strangers Opening every unknown link Checking information against reliable sources Publishing private information publicly

CMPNOTE | Digital Technologies Lesson Notes

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