Operating System JSS 2

Operating System - JSS Two

TOPIC: Operating System

CLASS: JSS Two

Definition of an Operating System

  1. An operating system (OS) is system software that manages the hardware and software resources of the computer.
  2. An operating system is software that controls the overall activity of a computer.
  3. The term operating system (OS) denotes the collection of programs that act as an interface between the user’s program and the computer hardware.

The main purpose of the operating system is to effectively and judiciously manage the computer system resources, such as processors, main memory, secondary storage, input and output devices, and files.

Functions of Operating System

The operating system performs several key functions that are essential for the computer to work efficiently. These include:

  1. Starting the computer (Booting): When you switch on a computer, the OS loads the necessary files to get it ready. This process is called booting.
  2. Resource Management: The OS allocates and manages the computer's resources like the Central Processing Unit (CPU), memory, and storage, ensuring they are used effectively by different programs.
  3. User Interface: The OS provides a way for you to interact with the computer, such as with a mouse and icons (Graphical User Interface - GUI) or with text commands (Command Line Interface - CLI).
  4. File and Disk Management: The OS contains programs that help you organize, store, and manage your files and folders on the computer's storage devices.
  5. Security and Monitoring: The OS monitors system activities and helps manage user accounts and passwords, contributing to the computer's security.

Examples of Operating System

Examples of commonly used operating systems include:

  • DOS (Disk Operating System)
  • Windows (95, 98, 2000, NT, ME, XP, 7, 8, 10, 11)
  • Unix
  • Linux
  • macOS (formerly Mac OS)
  • iOS
  • Android

Components of Operating System

An operating system is made up of several key components that work together to manage the computer. The main components are:

  • The Kernel: This is the core of the operating system. It manages the hardware resources (like the CPU and memory) and communicates between the hardware and the software.
  • The Shell: This is the part of the OS that allows the user to interact with the computer. The shell can be a Graphical User Interface (GUI) with icons and a mouse, or a Command Line Interface (CLI) where you type commands.
  • The File System: This is how the operating system organizes and stores files and data on the computer's storage devices (like the hard drive).

Types of Operating System

  1. Real-time operating system (RTOS): This is an operating system that rapidly switches between tasks. Real-time operating systems are used to control machinery, scientific instruments, and industrial systems.
  2. Single-user, single-task: As the name implies, this operating system is designed to manage the computer so that one user can effectively do one thing at a time.
  3. Single-user, multi-tasking: As the name implies, this operating system is designed to manage the computer so that one user can effectively do more than one thing at a time.
  4. Multi-user: A multi-user operating system allows many different users to take advantage of the computer's resources simultaneously.
  5. Distributed: A distributed operating system manages a group of independent computers and makes them appear to be a single computer.

Test Your Knowledge

Select the correct answer for each question and click 'Submit' to see your score.

1. What is the core part of an OS that manages hardware?

2. Which function of the OS involves starting up the computer?

3. A mouse and icons are part of what type of user interface?

4. Which of these is a multi-user operating system?

5. Which of these is NOT an example of an operating system?

Comments

  1. Unknown8 December 2021 at 05:03

    Great job, You can check out for other primary and secondary note on www.mdteachersresources

    ReplyDelete
  2. Anonymous17 December 2024 at 20:07

    It good

    ReplyDelete
  3. synclayerinc20 May 2025 at 07:07

    You’ve presented this topic so well. I appreciate the depth and simplicity of your writing.
    ping emails

    ReplyDelete
  4. synclayerinc20 May 2025 at 07:10

    I can tell a lot of thought and effort went into this. It really shows in the quality.
    operational picture

    ReplyDelete

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

90 Objective Examination Questions in Major Subjects

An examination is a formal test that you take to show your knowledge or ability in a particular subject, or to obtain a qualification. This section of my blog is designed to provide 90 objective examination questions covering first, second and third term work in major subjects. I have also attached link the to essay/theory questions HERE Basic Science Computer Studies/Information Technology Biology Financial Accounting Basic Technology Business Studies Physical and Health Education Civic Education Christian and Religious Studies Physics Economics Geography Cultural and Creative Arts (CCA) Prevocational Studies Chemistry Mathematics Further Mathematics Government English You can support CMPNOTE BLOG through the details below Account number: 0229727053 Acco...
Read more

Complete Computer Studies/ICT Curriculum for JSS 1 to SSS 3

Curriculum refers to the lessons and academic content taught in a nation, state, school or a specific course or program. This post contains a complete curriculum in Computer Studies as compiled by the Nigeria Ministry of Education. First, second and third terms scheme of work can be extracted from it. To access the simply click on the links below. JSS ONE CURRICULUM IN COMPUTER STUDIES TOPIC Historical Development of Computer CONTENT . Early counting devices · Fingers · Fingers · Stones · Sticks · Pebbles · Cowries 2. Mechanical Counting Devices · Abacus · Slide rule, ETC OPERATIONAL OBJECTIVES Students should be able to: 1. List early counting devices 2. State the problems in counting large numbers with those devices 3. Name mechanical counting devices 4. Name electro-mechanical counting devices TEACHING AIDS Fingers, Toes, Sticks, stone, Charts, etc JSS ONE COMPLETE CURRICULU...
Read more

JSS 3 Objective Questions and Answers in Computer studies

JSS Three Objective Questions 1. Individuals that have obtained sufficient education and training in the field of computer is called A. Program Analyst B. Computer Professionals C. Computer commissioners D. Computer Instructor 2. All the following are careers in the field of computers except A. Computer Engineer B. Programmer C. Network Administrator D. Bank Manager Click here for more questions>
Read more