Computer Ethics JSS 2

Topic: Computer Ethics Class: JSS Two

---

What is Computer Ethics?

Computer ethics can be defined as the set of moral principles that regulate the use of computer. It helps us understand what is right and wrong when we're interacting with technology, data, and other people online.

---

Why is Computer Ethics Important?

Learning about computer ethics is crucial in today's world because:

• It helps you protect yourself from dangers like fraud, viruses, and privacy invasion online.
• It teaches you to respect others' rights and property in the digital world.
• It helps create a safer and more positive online environment for everyone.
• It prevents you from facing legal problems for misusing computers or the internet.

---

Responsible Use of the Computer and Internet

A. Responsible Use of the Computer

Taking good care of your computer system helps it last longer and work better. Here are some basic steps:

1. Ensure there is adequate ventilation around the computer.
2. Allow enough space between each system unit or device to prevent overheating.
3. Avoid dust by regularly cleaning your computer and using protective covers when not in use.
4. Keep moisture away from the computer, as water can cause serious damage.
5. Use air conditioners or fans in computer rooms to keep systems cool, especially in hot climates.
6. Provide an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) and other electrical protectors (like surge protectors) to prevent data loss and electrical damage from power fluctuations.
7. Take adequate care with storage devices like flash drives, external hard drives, CDs/DVDs, etc., to prevent damage or data loss.
8. Unplug the system when it won't be used for a long time, especially during storms.
9. Avoid dropping food particles or liquids into the system's keyboard or vents.

Reasons for Taking Care of the Computer:

• To avoid damage to files and data.
• To protect the computer system from physical harm.
• To prolong the life of the computer system.
• To ensure the user is comfortable and can work efficiently.

B. Responsible Use of the Internet

Being ethical online means using the internet and computers in a way that respects yourself and others.

1. Disallow unauthorized users from accessing your computer and personal accounts.
2. Ensure maximum security of files and information on your computer and online by using strong passwords.
3. Install and regularly update anti-virus programs to protect your computer from harmful software.
4. Check your email regularly and be cautious of suspicious messages (phishing).
5. Always give prompt and polite responses to emails and other online communications.

---

Areas of Computer Misuse

The following are common ways in which computers and the internet can be misused, often with negative consequences:

1. Invasion of Privacy (Hacking):

   A lot of personal information is shared and stored online. This means that sometimes, the privacy of information cannot be fully guaranteed. People called hackers try to gain unauthorized access to computer systems or data belonging to others. They might break into databases to steal people's identities by getting private information about them, like passwords or bank details.

2. Computer Virus:

   A computer virus is a harmful program that can spread from one computer to another, often through the internet (e.g., unsolicited emails, malicious websites) or by using infected storage devices (like flash drives, CDs, DVDs). Viruses are designed to damage files, slow down your computer, or even steal your information. It's very important to install and regularly update anti-virus programs to detect and remove these threats.

3. Fraud:

   Through the internet and computer networks, dishonest people can carry out many forms of deception and scams. This includes tricks to get your money, personal details, or trick you into doing something you shouldn't. Examples include phishing scams or fake online shops.

4. Stealing (Digital Theft):

   People can steal very important documents, valuable information, or even money by misusing computers and the internet. This could be by hacking into bank accounts, stealing intellectual property, or illegally downloading copyrighted material.

5. Pornography:

   Both children and adults can misuse the internet by accessing pornographic content, which includes sexually explicit images or videos. Accessing and sharing such material, especially involving minors, is illegal and highly unethical.

6. Cyberbullying / Cyberstalking:

   This is when someone uses the internet or digital technologies (like social media, messaging apps) to harass, threaten, or embarrass another person. It can be very harmful to the victim's mental and emotional well-being.

7. Software Piracy:

   This refers to the illegal copying, distribution, or use of software programs without getting permission or paying the rightful owners. Software is intellectual property, and using it without permission is like stealing.

8. Plagiarism:

   Plagiarism happens when you copy someone else's original work (like text from a book, website, or another person's assignment) word-for-word without giving proper credit to the original author or owner. It's presenting someone else's ideas or words as your own, which is dishonest and unethical, especially in academic work.