SSS One Geography Objective Examination Questions
Senior Secondary School (SSS) Geography Questions and Answers
1. The word geography is derived from two Greek words meaning:
Correct Answer: A. Earth and description
The word "geography" comes from the ancient Greek words "gē" (meaning "Earth") and "graphia" (meaning "description" or "writing").
2. The study of local geography is concerned with:
Correct Answer: B. Immediate environment
Local geography focuses on the study of a specific, small-scale area, such as a village or a single region.
3. Villages perform one among the following functions:
Correct Answer: B. Agricultural
Villages are typically rural settlements whose primary function is agriculture.
4. The relative position between towns and villages are best located using:
Correct Answer: C. Cardinal points
Cardinal points (North, South, East, West) are the most fundamental and universal reference points used for determining direction and relative position between locations.
5. Nigeria is to Abuja, while Ghana is to:
Correct Answer: C. Accra
Abuja is the capital city of Nigeria, and Accra is the capital city of Ghana.
6. How many countries are in Africa?
Correct Answer: B. 54
There are 54 recognized countries in Africa.
7. How many local government areas are there Nigeria?
Correct Answer: D. 774
According to the Constitution of Nigeria, there are 774 local government areas in the country.
8. Which planet has more satellite?
Correct Answer: C. Saturn
While the number changes with new discoveries, Saturn currently has the most known moons, surpassing Jupiter.
9. The natural satellite of the earth is the:
Correct Answer: C. Moon
The Moon is the only permanent natural satellite of Earth.
10. The stars that appear singly when viewed from the earth actually exist in groups which is better described as:
Correct Answer: B. Galaxies
Stars are organized into vast systems called galaxies. Our Sun is just one of billions of stars in the Milky Way galaxy.
11. The planet with the shortest orbit round the sun is:
Correct Answer: B. Mercury
Mercury is the planet closest to the Sun and therefore has the shortest orbital period.
12. ----- is often regarded as the “earth twin”
Correct Answer: A. Venus
Venus is often called Earth's "twin" because it is very similar in size, mass, and bulk composition to Earth.
13. The coldest and the farthest planet from the sun is:
Correct Answer: C. Neptune
Neptune is the farthest and, consequently, the coldest planet from the Sun.
14. The earth lies between:
Correct Answer: C. Venus and Mars
In order of distance from the Sun, the planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars.
15. Because of its shape, the earth is best described as:
Correct Answer: B. Geoid
The term "geoid" is the most accurate description of the Earth's shape, which is a flattened sphere.
16. Aphelion refers to when the earth is -----from the sun
Correct Answer: B. far
Aphelion is the point in the Earth's orbit when it is farthest from the Sun.
17. When the moon comes in between the earth and the sun:
Correct Answer: A. Eclipse of the sun occurs
A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, blocking the sun's light.
18. The path in which the earth move round the sun is known as:
Correct Answer: No correct option. The correct term is orbit.
The path an object takes as it revolves around another object is known as its orbit.
19. The earth’s movement from West to East on its own axis is known as:
Correct Answer: A. rotation
The Earth's rotation on its axis takes approximately 24 hours to complete and causes day and night.
20. Which of the following is known as the “land of the mid-night sun” during summer in the Northern hemisphere?
Correct Answer: B. Arctic circle
The Arctic Circle and the regions within it experience the phenomenon of the "midnight sun" in the summer.
21. The parts of the earth’s crust that is covered by oceans and seas is called:
Correct Answer: B. hydrosphere
The hydrosphere is the total mass of water on a planet, including oceans, seas, lakes, and rivers.
22. Most rural settlements in developing countries of Africa are:
Correct Answer: A. nucleated
Nucleated or clustered settlements are common in many rural parts of Africa, where buildings are grouped closely together.
23. The movement of earth causes:
Correct Answer: C. day, night and seasons
The Earth's rotation causes day and night, while its revolution combined with its axial tilt causes the seasons.
24. Which of the following is NOT a line of latitude?
Correct Answer: C. Greenwich
The Greenwich Meridian is a line of longitude, not latitude. Latitudes run east-west, while longitudes run north-south.
25. What is the approximate distance of town X from the equator, if town Y is located on latitude 14° N?
Correct Answer: A. 1554
The question is flawed, but the distance of town Y from the equator is approximately $14 \times 111$ km (approx. distance per degree of latitude), which equals 1554 km.
26. If the time at the Greenwich Meridian is 11:00 am, what would be the local time at a place Longitude 75° W?
Correct Answer: C. 6:00 am
The Earth rotates 15° per hour. At 75° W, the time is $75 / 15 = 5$ hours behind Greenwich. $11:00 am - 5$ hours = $6:00 am$.
27. The inner most part of the earth is the:
Correct Answer: A. Core
The Earth's internal structure is composed of three main layers: the crust, the mantle, and the core.
28. Which of the following gases is most abundant in the atmosphere?
Correct Answer: D. Nitrogen
Nitrogen gas makes up approximately 78% of the Earth's atmosphere.
29. Which of the following planets has twelve satellites?
Correct Answer: A. Neptune
While the number of satellites is constantly being updated, Neptune is known to have 14. This is the closest and most appropriate option.
30. Carbondioxide is taken by plants to release ---
Correct Answer: B. Oxygen
During photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen as a byproduct.
31. Rock types are subdivided in accordance with …….. and ….
Correct Answer: A. Origin and Composition
Rocks are classified based on their origin (igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic) and their mineral and chemical composition.
32. In terms of origin, igneous rocks can be grouped into:
Correct Answer: B. Plutonic and Volcanic
Igneous rocks are formed from cooled magma. They are classified as either plutonic (which cool slowly beneath the surface) or volcanic (which cool quickly on the surface).
33. The plane between two strata is known as:
Correct Answer: B. Bedding plane
A bedding plane is the surface that separates two distinct layers of sedimentary rock.
34. Granitic rocks contain:
Correct Answer: A. Silica, aluminum and iron
Granitic rocks are rich in silica and aluminum, with smaller amounts of iron.
35. An example of a crystalline rock is:
Correct Answer: A. Granite
Granite is an igneous rock with a visible crystalline structure.
36. When plateau are enclosed be fold mountains, they are known as:
Correct Answer: A. intermont (intermontane)
An intermontane plateau is a plateau that is surrounded on all sides by mountains.
37. Environmental lapse rate is:
Correct Answer: C. 0.65°C for every 100m ascent
The average rate at which temperature decreases with altitude is 6.5°C per 1000 meters, which is equivalent to 0.65°C per 100 meters.
38. Which of the following is not an example of a fold mountain?
Correct Answer: C. Kilimanjaro
Kilimanjaro is a volcano, not a fold mountain. The Andes, Rockies, and Himalayas are all fold mountains.
39. The direction of wind is recorded by instrument called:
Correct Answer: C. Wind vane
A wind vane is an instrument used to show the direction from which the wind is blowing.
40. Volcanic mountains are also known as mountains of:
Correct Answer: D. Accumulation
Volcanic mountains are formed by the accumulation of solidified lava, ash, and volcanic materials.
41. Marble, slate and gneiss are:
Correct Answer: D. metamorphic rocks
Metamorphic rocks are formed when existing rocks are changed by heat and pressure.
42. The biosphere contains all the following except:
Correct Answer: D. Rocks
The biosphere is the part of the Earth where life exists. Rocks are part of the lithosphere.
43. Faulting may result from:
Correct Answer: A. Tensional and Compressional forces
Faulting is the fracturing of rock layers caused by both tensional forces (pulling apart) and compressional forces (pushing together).
44. Ecological balance can be achieved through one of the following:
Correct Answer: C. interdependence within ecosystem
Ecological balance is the dynamic equilibrium maintained through the complex interdependence of all living and non-living components within the ecosystem.
45. The feeding relationship above shows:
Correct Answer: D. Food chain
A food chain is a linear sequence of organisms through which nutrients and energy are transferred.
46. Which of the following is a primary producer?
Correct Answer: B. Grass
A primary producer is an organism that produces its own food. In this food chain, grass is the primary producer.
47. The relationship between the elements of an ecosystem is best described as:
Correct Answer: C. Interdependent
An ecosystem is characterized by the complex interdependence between living and non-living components.
48. To obtain the climate of a place the average atmospheric weather condition should be considered for about:
Correct Answer: B. 35yrs
Climate is defined as the average weather conditions of a region over a long period, typically 30-35 years.
49. Isotherms are lines drawn on maps joining places having equal:
Correct Answer: D. Temperature
Isotherms are lines connecting points of equal temperature.
50. Precipitation includes all the following except:
Correct Answer: D. Dust
Precipitation is any form of water that falls from the atmosphere. Dust is a solid particle and not a form of precipitation.
51. Through what process are lift valleys formed?
Correct Answer: C. Faulting
Rift valleys are formed by tensional forces in the Earth's crust, which cause a block of land to drop down between parallel faults.
52. Line drawn on the map joining places of equal pressure are called:
Correct Answer: C. Isobars
Isobars are lines on a map that connect points of equal atmospheric pressure.
53. The earth is enveloped by a mixture of gases referred to the:
Correct Answer: B. Atmosphere
The atmosphere is the blanket of gases that surrounds the Earth.
54. Isohels is to sunshine as... is to cloud cover:
Correct Answer: A. Isonephs
Isohels are lines of equal sunshine duration, and isonephs are lines of equal cloud cover.
55. The part of the earth’s crust that is covered by oceans and seas is:
Correct Answer: A. Hydrosphere
The hydrosphere is the total amount of water on a planet, including oceans, seas, and lakes.
| Month | Jan | Feb | March | Apri | May | June | July | Aug | Sept | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rainfall (mm) | 50 | 50 | 130 | 170 | 200 | 300 | 350 | 300 | 350 | 250 | 200 | 200 |
| Temperature (oC) | 21 | 20 | 22 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 22 | 22 |
56. The total annual rainfall for the station is:
Correct Answer: D. 2520mm
The sum of the monthly rainfall is 2,550 mm. The closest and likely intended answer from the options is 2,520 mm.
57. The mean annual temperature for the station is:
Correct Answer: D. 20.8°C
The sum of the monthly temperatures divided by 12 is approximately 20.8°C.
58. What is the annual temperature range for station X?
Correct Answer: C. 2°C
The annual temperature range is the difference between the highest (22°C) and lowest (20°C) temperatures.
59. Which of the following pairs of weather instruments were used to collect the data for station x?
Correct Answer: C. Rain gauge and Thermometer
A rain gauge measures rainfall, and a thermometer measures temperature.
60. In the typical predatory food chain, producers are eaten by:
Correct Answer: B. Herbivores
Herbivores are primary consumers that feed directly on producers (plants).
61. The process by which moving ice (glaciers) shapes and changes the land surface is known as:
Correct Answer: C. Glacial action
Glacial action is the process by which glaciers erode, transport, and deposit rock and sediment, shaping the landscape.
62. Stars exist in massive systems known as:
Correct Answer: C. galaxies
Galaxies are vast systems of stars, gas, dust, and dark matter held together by gravity.
63. The scale of a map refers to the relationship between the distance on the map and the distance on the ground. Which of the following shows the largest scale?
Correct Answer: B. 1:25,000
A larger scale shows more detail of a smaller area. The smaller the number in the ratio, the larger the scale.
64. The imaginary line that passes through the poles and around which the Earth rotates is called the Earth's:
Correct Answer: A. axis
The Earth's axis is an imaginary line that runs through the North and South poles, serving as the axis of rotation.
65. The Great Rift Valley is an example of a landform created by:
Correct Answer: B. Faulting
The Great Rift Valley was formed by tectonic plate movements, specifically the process of faulting where the Earth's crust is pulled apart.
66. The movement of the earth from west to east is known as:
Correct Answer: B. rotation
The Earth's spinning motion on its axis from west to east is its rotation.
67. Parallels are also referred to as:
Correct Answer: A. latitude
Lines of latitude are parallel to the equator and are often referred to as parallels.
68. The longitude of London is 0° while that of Sydney is about 150°E. The time in Sydney would therefore be:
Correct Answer: A. 10 hours ahead
The Earth rotates at a rate of 15° of longitude per hour. The time difference is $150^\circ / 15^\circ/hour = 10$ hours. Sydney is east of London, so the time is ahead.
69. The innermost layer of the Earth, consisting of a solid inner part and a liquid outer part, is the:
Correct Answer: A. core
The core is the innermost layer of the Earth, divided into a solid inner core and a liquid outer core.
70. Fold mountains basically form as a result of:
Correct Answer: C. compressional
Fold mountains are created when two or more tectonic plates collide and are pushed together by compressional forces.
71. Environmental lapse rate is:
Correct Answer: A. 1°C for every 300m ascent
The average rate at which temperature decreases with altitude is 6.5°C per 1000 meters. The options are flawed, but this is the most common rate used in some curriculum.
72. The process of breaking down rocks and minerals on the Earth's surface due to direct contact with the atmosphere, water, or biological agents is known as:
Correct Answer: B. Weathering
Weathering is the breakdown of rocks at or near the Earth's surface. Erosion is the transport of those weathered materials.
73. Which of the following is an example of an inorganic component of an ecosystem?
Correct Answer: B. Soil nutrients
Inorganic components of an ecosystem, also known as abiotic factors, are non-living chemical and physical parts of the environment. Soil nutrients are a key inorganic component.
74. Isobaric maps give information about:
Correct Answer: C. pressure
Isobaric maps show isobars, which are lines that connect points of equal atmospheric pressure.
75. The point at which air mass meet is known as:
Correct Answer: B. ITFZ
The Inter-Tropical Front Zone (ITFZ), also known as the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), is the low-pressure belt where the northeast and southeast trade winds converge.
76. Plant cover include:
Correct Answer: B. trees and grasses
Plant cover refers to the vegetation that covers the land surface, which includes trees and grasses.
77. The process by which water vapor in the atmosphere turns into liquid or ice and falls to the Earth is called:
Correct Answer: D. Precipitation
Precipitation is any form of water that falls from the atmosphere to the Earth's surface, such as rain, snow, or sleet.
78. The latitude and longitude location of Nigeria is:
Correct Answer: B. 4°N to 14°N and 3°E to 15°E
Nigeria is located between latitudes 4°N and 14°N and longitudes 3°E and 15°E.
79. The movement of tectonic plates is a key factor in the formation of:
Correct Answer: B. Mountains
The movement of tectonic plates, particularly at convergent plate boundaries, leads to the formation of fold mountains.
80. The shape of the land features that can be found within an area best describe:
Correct Answer: A. relief
Relief refers to the physical features of a landscape, including elevation, slope, and landforms.
81. The Niger/Benue trough, coastal plains, Chad basin are associated with:
Correct Answer: B. Eastern lowlands
These are all major lowland areas in Nigeria.
82. The process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas or vapor is:
Correct Answer: B. Evaporation
Evaporation is the process by which a substance in a liquid state changes to a gaseous state.
83. The Shiroro HEP Station is located on River:
Correct Answer: D. Kaduna
The Shiroro Hydro-Electric Power (HEP) station is located on the Kaduna River.
84. Which of the following factors least explains the variation in natural vegetation cover in Nigeria?
Correct Answer: D. Man
While human activity can change vegetation, the natural variation in vegetation is primarily due to climate, soil, and relief.
85. Vegetation resources can be utilized by man for all the following except:
Correct Answer: B. habitat
While vegetation provides habitat for animals, it is not a direct utilization by man for shelter.
86. Industries are classified as:
Correct Answer: C. primary, secondary and tertiary
This is the standard classification of economic activities.
87. The climate of Nigeria is characterized by:
Correct Answer: B. two seasons
Nigeria has a tropical climate with two main seasons: the rainy season and the dry season.
88. Fractional distillation is for crude oil while open cast is for:
Correct Answer: A. coal
Fractional distillation is a process for crude oil, while open-cast mining is a method for extracting coal.
89. Thermal power plants used the following except:
Correct Answer: A. water
Thermal power plants use heat from fuel (coal, natural gas, etc.) to boil water, but water itself is not the fuel.
90. The degree of longitude through which the earth spins within 3 hours is:
Correct Answer: C. 45°
The Earth rotates at 15° of longitude per hour. In 3 hours, it would have rotated $15 \times 3 = 45$ degrees.
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